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Gold to outshine gold miners
- Stronger Q1 2016 earnings coupled with the rising price of gold helped improve sentiment towards gold miners, driving the rally so far. Gold to outshine gold miners
- Lower all-in sustaining costs are reflective of declining capital expenditure. While it boosts current profitability it is detrimental to sustaining the long term growth of gold miners.
- For the gold miners rally to continue, the current pace of margin expansion will require gold prices to be at $1510 by Q2 2016.
- Gold will likely reflect deterioration in economic or political uncertainty quicker than gold miners and hence we favour the metal versus the equity.
Gold miners tighten their belts too much too fast
Gold miners have skyrocketed since the start of the year, staging a 81.6% rally. That is the strongest 6-month rally we have seen in the sector. We believe stronger Q1 2016 earnings results coupled with the rising gold price improved sentiment, helping drive inflows towards this beleaguered sector. However, we believe the rally has run out of steam. For the purpose of this report gold miners refer to the constituents of the DAXglobal Gold Miner’s Total Return index.
The greatest success in gold miners’ financial restructuring has been a reduction of excessive debt loads. Gold miners’ debts became hard to service when gold prices were trading at a lower price. They have achieved the debt reduction by selling non-performing assets, rejecting future capital expenditure, reducing their workforce and cutting dividends. The chart below illustrates how record high debt levels dragged the performance of gold miners lower.
While reducing their debt has improved current operating margins and cash flow, it will come at the expense of future profitability. Gold miners’ production has been in decline since 2007. We believe there will come a point, when the aggressive debt reduction via postponement of future exploration projects and sale of non-performing assets will dent future growth prospects.
Lower Capex detrimental to future profitability
In 2013 the World Gold Council (WGC) established a new cost disclosure framework by introducing “all-in sustaining costs” (AISCs) as an extension to cash costs. As the term implies, AISC focuses on all costs incurred in sustaining production for the complete mining lifecycle, from exploration to closure. AISC is currently at $857, well below its 5-year average of US$1019 and has been trending lower over the past four quarters. In response to declining gold prices over past years, capital expenditure has been curtailed extensively – 21% drop over the prior year. We believe the curtailment of capital expenditure is the chief reason behind the consistent decline in AISC. A stronger gold price environment in 2016 has widened the gulf between gold mining costs on an AISC basis and gold prices, boosting gold miner’s profitability by 80% on average over the prior quarter in Q1 2016. While declining capital expenditures translate into lower AISC, improving short term profitability, it comes at a cost to longer term growth.
Where does gold need to be to extend the miners current rally
Despite gold’s stellar performance, returning 19.3% so far in 2016, gold miners’ have clearly outperformed, returning 81.6% over the same time frame. Gold miners’ outperformance reflects the sectors’ inherent profit leverage on gold prices. Based on historic observations, the 55% y-o-y gain in the gold miners’ index implies that Q2 2016 profit margins will rise to 19%, up from 10% in Q1 2016. We are doubtful that profit margins have improved that much because, once again based on historic relationships, it would indicate a gold price of over US$1510/oz by the end of Q2 2016. We believe that gold miners’ prices look over-extended and we expect a pull-back based on fundamentals.
Gold miner’s valuations unfavourable
With a correlation of 0.72, rising gold prices have clearly been a catalyst for the rally in gold miners. Gold miners beta varies across the cycle with the beta at 1.44x (in a rising gold price environment), which is considerably lower than the beta when gold prices are falling.
The price to earnings ratio over Q4 2015 and Q1 2016 were at 60x and 51x respectively and has currently declined to 38x as earnings recovered more than prices rose. We believe more attention needs to be paid to other valuation metrics in this capital intensive industry. The price-to-book ratio (P/B) is a valuable metric as it incorporates the value of assets. P/B has risen in the past quarter as a 53% surge in asset write-downs and impairments have reduced the book value, without a commensurate reduction in the price. The price-to-book ratio increased to 2.4x in Q1 2016 from 1.4x in Q4 2015, which is above the 10-year average at 2.2x, highlighting that gold miners have become more expensive.
Gold miners have cut dividends on average by 38% over the prior year reducing their dividend yield to 0.83%, which is close the sector’s 10-year average of 0.87%. Taking into consideration gold miner’s annualised volatility of 84% is twice that of gold of 42%, we believe gold offers a much better risk adjusted return profile in comparison to gold miners. After posting the sharpest 6-month rally in history, we are of the opinion that the current rate of acceleration in the gold mining sector cannot continue indefinitely.
Mounting risks support gold
We believe that gold will likely reflect deterioration in economic or political uncertainty quicker than gold miners and hence we favour the metal versus the equity. Economic and political uncertainty is elevated with the vote on the EU referendum, the Spanish and US elections and slowing global growth, weighing on investors’ minds. Gold miners are exposed to a number of unknown risks such labour disputes, power outages, political upheavals and adverse currency movements that cannot be discounted. While gold miners have been prudent to reduce their debt, we believe the priority to clean up their balance sheets will come at the cost of future growth opportunity. While rising gold prices and falling AISC have provided the dual benefit of improving gold miner’s profitability. We caution against being too optimistic over falling AISC as it is more reflective of declining capex which will likely to impact future profitability. From a valuation perspective, we believe gold miners are moderately valued and don’t favour a compelling reason to buy at this point in time.
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As April winds down, markets remain on edge, with escalating tariffs and renewed trade tensions keeping volatility in focus. In this summary of our full-length newsletter, we spotlight gold and gold equities, both of which have surged to record levels. We also take a step back from the day-to-day noise in crypto to explore the broader shifts in the regulatory landscape in our latest Whitepaper and present Celestia in detail. Finally, we assess how Moat indexes have held up and evolved amid the turbulence.
Your VanEck Europe team wishes you a great read.
Featured Articles
🥇 Are Gold Mining Equities Regaining Attention Amid Rising Gold Prices?
Gold & Gold mining equities tend to shine during stress periods
Source: VanEck, World Gold Council.
Gold has attracted renewed interest from investors amid concerns about inflation, currency volatility, and overall market uncertainty. Gold mining companies have recently reported improved profit margins and cash generation, with some initiating share buybacks and maintaining relatively strong balance sheets. Despite these developments, many continue to trade below their historical valuation averages.
While historical trends indicate that gold and gold mining equities have outperformed during certain periods of market stress, these patterns may not repeat under different economic conditions. Performance can be influenced by a range of factors including interest rates, central bank policy, geopolitical developments, and investor sentiment.
→ Read more
⚖️ Whitepaper Highlights: How New Crypto Regulations May Shape the Future
Cryptocurrencies are entering a new era. With the re-election of Donald Trump and the implementation of the European Union’s Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) regulation, digital assets are moving into a landscape defined not just by innovation, but also by regulatory clarity.
MiCA’s structured and transparent approach aims to promote legitimacy, safeguard investors, and enhance trust in digital asset markets across Europe. It could also serve as a blueprint for other jurisdictions looking to regulate crypto effectively.
→ Read the Whitepaper Highlights
⛓️ Introduction to Celestia
Most blockchains, like Ethereum or Bitcoin, are monolithic which means they perform all major functions (consensus, data availability, and execution) on a single layer. This design ensures security but according to new modular networks, limits scalability and flexibility.
The modular blockchain thesis, which Celestia is leading, proposes separation of layers and respective responsibilities in the network.
→ Read more
Note: This article in not accessible to our UK readers.
🌊 Riding the Gold Wave
Chasing the Vein: Fund Flows into Gold Miners
Source: Mining.com. Data as of 21 March 2025. Note: Data covers 493 funds with combined assets under management of $62 billion.
U.S. equity markets experienced significant declines during the month of March. Meanwhile, spot gold price recorded new all-time highs, surpassing the $3,000 per ounce mark on 14 March and closing at a record price of $3123.57 on March 31, a 9.30% ($265.73) monthly gain. As of 31 March, gold prices have risen by 93.61% over the past five years (1). Investors should keep in mind that past performance is not representative of future results.
The gold miners, as represented by the NYSE Arca Gold Miners Index (GDMNTR), outperformed significantly, up 15.51% during March (2). This gain reflects both their operational leverage to rising gold prices and market perceptions of relative value. However, gold miners can also be subject to heightened volatility, operational risks, and sensitivity to commodity price swings.
While gold and gold equities may serve as diversifiers in a portfolio due to their historically low correlations with many asset classes, investors should remain mindful of the inherent risks, including price volatility, currency movements, and shifts in investor sentiment that can lead to rapid reversals in performance.
→ Read more
🌪️ Moat Stocks Weather Tariff Tumble
Market turbulence in March weighed on stocks. The Moat Index was not immune to the market turmoil, as it declined along with the broad U.S. equity market ending the month lower. However, the Moat Index showed resilience relative to the S&P 500—thanks in part to defensive sector resilience and underweight exposure to mega-caps.
At the same time, the SMID Moat Index lagged small and mid-caps in March. Smaller U.S. stocks were also impacted by global trade tensions and economic growth concerns with the broad small- and mid-cap benchmarks falling during the month. However, year-to-date, the SMID Moat Index remains ahead of the broader small- and mid-cap markets.
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(1) Source: World Gold Council, ICE Data Services, FactSet Research Systems Inc.
(2) Source: Financial Times.
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