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Fundamentals of Exchange Traded Funds

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investing that combines instant diversification with trading flexibility, reduced expenses, and improved tax efficiency. Fundamentals of Exchange Traded Funds.

Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) offer an approach to investing that combines instant diversification with trading flexibility, reduced expenses, and improved tax efficiency. Fundamentals of Exchange Traded Funds.

WHAT ARE ETFs?

An ETF is a collection of securities that tracks, and is intended to represent, the performance of a broad or specific segment of the market (e.g., US equities, small cap stocks or emerging markets).

An ETF is similar to an index mutual fund but trades like a stock throughout the day. ETFs combine the features of index mutual funds with individual securities:

Like index mutual funds, ETFs allow investors to track hundreds of domestic and international indexes, including the S&P 500® and the Dow Jones U.S. Total Stock Market IndexSM, as well as specific sectors or industries (e.g., utilities, technology, or healthcare).

Like individual stocks, ETFs give investors the flexibility to buy and sell on the major stock exchanges throughout the day, at the market price. Like stocks, investors can place stop loss and limit orders on ETFs. They can even be bought on margin and sold short, subject to your broker’s terms and conditions.

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*Morningstar. Average Prospectus Net Expense Ratio for ETFs and open end mutual funds as defined by Morningstar. Data as of 9/30/2014. Average Net Prospectus Expense Ratio for US ETFs and US Mutual Funds as defined by Morningstar.
Unlike a stock, Index ETFs and mutual funds are managed funds that follow a passive investment strategy, attempting to track the performance of an unmanaged index of securities. As a result, the Funds may hold constituent securities of the Index regardless of the current or projected performance of a specific security.

ETFs trade like a stock and will fluctuate in market value over the course of the trading day, unlike an index mutual fund. ETFs may trade at prices below or above the ETF net asset value. Buying shares of an Index ETF, similar to buying a stock, will typically involve brokerage commissions to which index mutual funds may not be subject. Frequent trading of ETFs could significantly increase commissions and other costs.

THE POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF EXCHANGE TRADED FUNDS

DIVERSIFICATION. ETFs offer one of the easiest ways to diversify a portfolio, especially for investors who want to focus on a specific sector or industry. By virtue of being index investments, ETFs offer exposure to a particular market segment, helping to protect against the risk of a select number of individual stocks hurting an investor’s overall portfolio performance. It’s important to remember that diversification does not ensure a profit or guarantee against loss.

LOWER FEES AND EXPENSES. Because most ETFs are passively managed, they typically have low management fees and operating expenses. However, frequent trading of ETFs could significantly increase commissions and other costs such that they may offset any savings from low fees or costs.

TRADING FLEXIBILITY. ETFs trade all day long, so investors can lock in the market value of the ETF anytime during the trading day. Because ETFs trade like stocks on an exchange, a wider range of techniques (short selling, stop loss and limit orders) can be used to take advantage of anticipated market movements. It’s important to keep in mind that frequent ETF trading, which typically occurs through a broker, can significantly increase brokerage commissions potentially washing away any savings from low fees or costs.

TRANSPARENCY. Investors have all the information they need to make informed investments—no strategy drift or black boxes to decipher. With ETFs, you know precisely which securities the ETF holds and what you’re invested in—there is no need to wait for the end of the quarter to review the fund’s holdings.

TAX EFFICIENCY. The ETF investor decides when to sell his or her ETF shares and much like a stock transaction the individual controls the timing of any taxes on any resulting capital gain/loss. Unlike mutual fund investors, ETF buyers and sellers usually don’t assume as high a tax burden for fellow shareholder redemptions. In this case, the resulting capital gains tax burden would be shared by all of the ETF’s investors.**

DEFINITIONS

FLEXIBLE TRADING OPTIONS

Ease and efficiency with which one can purchase a security. ETFs, like stocks, trade on an exchange and can be bought and sold at any point during trading hours at their current market value. Buy and sell orders for mutual fund shares are placed and transacted after the market close at the mutual fund’s closing market value, where the closing value is calculated at the end of the trading day.

Source: “State Street Global Advisors ETFs: A Brief Introduction”.

TAX TREATMENTS

Tax consequences related to the trading of securities. Turnover of individual stocks will have either short term or capital gains tax consequences for the individual investor only. Similarly, holders of ETFs will not typically be affected by other shareholder redemptions. With a mutual fund, if multiple shareholders redeem their shares concurrently, the fund manager may have to sell underlying holdings to raise cash to pay those shareholders; in addition to transaction costs, this could trigger capital gains. The taxes on those capital gains would then be absorbed by all shareholders in the fund.

Source: “State Street Global Advisors ETFs: A Brief Introduction”.

INDEX DEFINITIONS

S&P 500 INDEX

The S&P 500 Index is an unmanaged index of 500 common stocks that is generally considered representative of the US stock market. The index is heavily weighted towards stocks with large market capitalizations and represents approximately two-thirds of the total market value of all domestic common stocks. The S&P 500 Index figures do not reflect any fees, expenses or taxes.

Source: standardandpoors.com.

DOW JONES U.S. TOTAL STOCK MARKET INDEX

The Dow Jones U.S. Total Stock Market Index represents the broadest index for the US equity market, measuring the performance of all US equity securities with readily available price data. Over 5,000 capitalization weighted security returns are used to adjust the index.

Source: dowjonesindexes.com.

TALK TO YOUR FINANCIAL ADVISOR

If exchange traded funds interest you, speak to your advisor to determine if you could benefit from incorporating ETFs in your investment plans.

Your advisor can help you analyze your current investments, risk tolerance, tax situation and time horizon, and then recommend strategies to help you achieve your goals.

ABOUT SPDR® ETFs

SPDR ETFs are a comprehensive fund family of over 100 ETFs, spanning an array of international and domestic asset classes. Offered by State Street Global Advisors, SPDR ETFs provide investors with the flexibility to select investments that are precisely aligned to their investment strategy. Recognized as the industry pioneer, State Street Global Advisors created the first ETF in 1993 (SPDR S&P 500®—Ticker SPY). Since then, we’ve sustained our place as an industry innovator through the introduction of many ground-breaking products, including first-to-market launches with gold, international real estate, international fixed income and sector ETFs.

For information about our ETF family, visit spdrs.com.

STATE STREET GLOBAL ADVISORS
State Street Financial CenterOne Lincoln StreetBoston, MA 02111
866.787.2257spdrs.com

** Like mutual funds, though, there may be times when changes in the underlying index trigger the sale of securities held by the ETF.

FOR PUBLIC USE.

IMPORTANT RISK INFORMATION

ETFs trade like stocks, fluctuate in market value and may trade at prices above or below the ETFs’ net asset value. Brokerage commissions and ETF expenses will reduce returns.

Passive management and the creation/redemption process can help minimize capital gains distributions.

Frequent trading of ETFs could significantly increase commissions and other costs such that they may offset any savings from low fees or costs.

The use of short selling entails a high degree of risk, may increase potential losses and is not suitable for all investors. Please assess your financial circumstances and risk tolerance prior to short selling.

Information represented in this piece does not constitute legal, tax, or investment advice. Investors should consult their legal, tax, and financial advisors before making any financial decisions. Performance of an index is not illustrative of any particular investment. It is not possible to invest directly in an index.

Foreign investments involve greater risks than US investments, including political and economic risks and the risk of currency fluctuations, all of which may be magnified in emerging markets.

Standard & Poor’s and S&P are registered trademarks of Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC (“S&P”) and Dow Jones is a registered trademark of Dow Jones Trademark Holdings LLC (“Dow Jones”) and have been licensed for use by S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC and sublicensed by SSgA. The Dow Jones US Total Stock Market Index is a product of S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC, and has been licensed by SSgA.

“SPDR” is a registered trademark of Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC (“S&P”) and has been licensed for use by State Street Corporation. STANDARD & POOR’S, S&P and S&P 500 are registered trademarks of Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC. No financial product offered by State Street Corporation or its affiliates is sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by S&P or its affiliates, and S&P and its affiliates make no representation, warranty or condition regarding the advisability of buying, selling or holding units/shares in such products. Further limitations and important information that could affect investors’ rights are described in the prospectus for the applicable product.

Distributor: State Street Global Markets, LLC, member FINRA, SIPC, a wholly owned subsidiary of State Street Corporation. References to State Street may include State Street Corporation and its affiliates. Certain State Street affiliates provide services and receive fees from the SPDR ETFs. ALPS Distributors, Inc., a registered broker-dealer, is distributor for SPDR S&P 500, SPDR S&P MidCap 400 and SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average, and all unit investment trusts. ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc. is distributor for Select Sector SPDRs. ALPS Distributors, Inc. and ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc. are not affiliated with State Street Global Markets, LLC.

Before investing, consider the funds’ investment objectives, risks, charges and expenses. To obtain a prospectus or summary prospectus which contains this and other information, call 866.787.2257 or visit spdrs.com. Read it carefully.

© 2014 State Street Corporation. All Rights Reserved. ID2455-IBG-13234 Exp. Date: 11/30/2015 IBG.EDU.FETF.1114 Fundamentals of Exchange Traded Funds

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Cryptoassets of the Month: May 2023

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Cryptoassets of the Month: May 2023 Every month, our research team will present the cryptoassets of the month that increased or dropped in value by more than 15%. With a data-driven approach, we highlight the most important developments and events causing price movements.

Every month, our research team will present the cryptoassets of the month that increased or dropped in value by more than 15%. With a data-driven approach, we highlight the most important developments and events causing price movements.

Figure 1 – 30-Day Performance: Cryptoassets of the Month vs. Traditional Asset Classes

Data Source: 21Shares, CoinGecko, and Yahoo Finance, from 30-Apr-2023 to 31-May-2023 (Close Price)

Ethereum (ETH)

Ethereum traded down 0.57% over the past month. On May 15, Lido V2 went live, enabling users to withdraw their stETH (staked Ether). As of May 31, Lido has processed over 460k stETH withdrawals without voluntarily exiting a single validator. The protocol achieved this by implementing a buffer that accumulates ETH via daily deposits, partial withdrawals, and rewards. On the scaling front, Aztec revealed its “hybrid zk-rollup,” which will enable private smart contract execution, allowing users to protect their data and on-chain activity with programmable anonymity. Finally, Ethereum’s beacon chain suffered a technical issue that caused the network to stop finalizing blocks briefly.

Bitcoin (BTC)

Bitcoin traded down 7.21% over the past month. On May 17, Tether announced it would use 15% of its monthly net operating profits (i.e., the realized gains from T-bills and similar investments) to buy Bitcoin. The move aims to diversify Tether’s reserve surplus. In addition, it could have a considerable effect on BTC’s structural supply and demand dynamics, as it can offset a significant portion of the selling pressure we can expect from the 41k BTC that the U.S. government intends to sell this year. On another front, transaction fees on the Bitcoin network rose five-fold from $23.5 million in April to $124 million in May, primarily driven by Ordinals and BRC-20 tokens.

Decentraland (MANA)

Decentraland (MANA) traded down 15.08% over the past month as activity in the decentralized virtual world waned significantly. About 2,740 unique wallet addresses interacted with Decentraland throughout May, down ~26% from April. In other news, on May 18, Decentraland DAO introduced “Decentraland Studios,” a platform to connect creators who want to build experiences on the platform but lack the technical skills to do it. This move is part of a broader trend in crypto attempting to lower the barrier of entry for new developers and creators.

Stacks (STX)

Stack’s native token STX traded down 16.47% over the past month. On May 23, ALEX – the most prominent decentralized exchange (DEX) on the Stacks network – introduced permissionless listings for BRC-20 tokens. Despite the combined market cap of BRC-20 tokens reaching close to $500 million, they mainly consist of “meme coins” because Bitcoin does not natively support smart contracts, nor is it designed for fast performance. Thus, Bitcoin needs Layer 2s like Stacks to be usable at scale and open the segway for new use cases. Regarding ecosystem traction, the Stacks networks reached 65,000 deployed smart contracts on May 25.

Avalanche (AVAX)

Avalanche’s native token AVAX traded down 17.85% over the past month despite exciting ecosystem developments. On May 24, Ava Labs announced AvaCloud, a launchpad that allows businesses to deploy custom, fully managed blockchains using an intuitive no-code portal. In addition, the AvaCloud product suite includes managed validators with automated installation for enhanced security, comprehensive data tools, and chain interoperability between all blockchains on the Avalanche network. If successful, the release could mark a paradigm shift in enterprise adoption by removing the complexity of building a public or private blockchain.

Algorand (ALGO)

Algorand’s native token ALGO traded down 18.34% over the past month, underperforming the broader market. The Algorand Foundation recently released AlgoKit, an application that handles the developer environment setup, project generation, and deployment. AlgoKit aims to lower the barrier of entry for developers entering the ecosystem. In this regard, attracting new talent is an area Algorand has struggled with – the blockchain had only 38 full-time developers as of April 2023, according to Electric Capital. The network’s inability to attract new talent may be worrisome as developer engagement is an early and leading indicator of value creation.

Fantom (FTM)

Fantom’s native token FTM traded down 26.28% over the past month. On May 8, the Fantom Hackathon Q2 2023 opened for submissions with a prize pool of over $300k for innovative dApps built on the blockchain. On May 17, the Fantom Foundation released Fantom Academy, a series of lessons for developers, including Solidity basics, token standards, and more. Finally, regarding ecosystem traction, Fantom became available on The Graph, allowing developers to leverage subgraphs to load data on the Fantom blockchain securely and reliably into their dApps.

Strategies of the Month: March 2023

Every month, our research team will also present the best-performing strategies of the month in our product suite. With a data-driven approach, we highlight the most important developments and events causing price movements.

Figure 2: 30-Day Performance: Strategies of the Month vs. Traditional Asset Classes Data

Source: 21Shares Index Management Console and Yahoo Finance, from 28-Apr-2023 to 31-May-2023 (Close Price)

SBTC

The 21Shares Short Bitcoin ETP (SBTC) rose 5.72% over the past month. SBTC seeks to provide a -1x return to the performance of Bitcoin for a single day. Despite its strong fundamentals, BTC’s implied annual volatility has consistently been above 70% and has experienced drawdowns from its all-time high of more than 80%. By comparison, the annual volatility of the S&P 500 sits around 20%. As a result, sophisticated investors with stringent risk-management practices may benefit from tactical short-term inverse exposure to BTC.

Research Newsletter

Each week the 21Shares Research team will publish our data-driven insights into the crypto asset world through this newsletter. Please direct any comments, questions, and words of feedback to research@21shares.com

Disclaimer

The information provided does not constitute a prospectus or other offering material and does not contain or constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of any offer to buy securities in any jurisdiction. Some of the information published herein may contain forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties and that actual results may differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors. The information contained herein may not be considered as economic, legal, tax or other advice and users are cautioned to base investment decisions or other decisions solely on the content hereof.

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Ett fantastiskt kvartal för midstream sektorn

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VettaFis energiforskningschef Stacey Morris talar med Thomas Warner från Proactive om den senaste utvecklingen inom midstream-sektorn och i Alerian Midstream Energy Dividend UCITS ETF (JMLP). Han säger att det varit ett fantastiskt kvartal för midstream sektorn.

VettaFis energiforskningschef Stacey Morris talar med Thomas Warner från Proactive om den senaste utvecklingen inom midstream-sektorn och i Alerian Midstream Energy Dividend UCITS ETF (JMLP). Han säger att det varit ett fantastiskt kvartal för midstream sektorn.

Morris lyfter fram en stark resultatsäsong, med energiinfrastrukturföretag som överträffar förväntningarna och höjer vägledningen. Midstream-bolags stabila kassaflöden och solida utförande bidrog till deras motståndskraft och positiva utdelningstrender, vilket väckte intresse från allmänna investerare.

Hon pratar också om det senaste meddelandet om oljeproduktionsnedskärningar från Opec+, som hon tror kanske inte har en omedelbar inverkan på midstream, men som i slutändan kan visa sig gynnsam för sektorn.

Handla JMLP ETF

HANetf Alerian Midstream Energy Dividend UCITS ETF (JMLP ETF) är en europeisk börshandlad fond som handlas på bland annat London Stock Exchange och tyska Xetra.

Det betyder att det går att handla andelar i denna ETF genom de flesta svenska banker och Internetmäklare, till exempel DEGIRONordnet och Avanza.

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Senatens godkända kärnenergiproposition ger bränsle i uranindustrin

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Genomgången av en kärnenergiproposition orsakade en uppgång i aktiekurserna för företag inom uranindustrin. Cameco Corporation, det största företaget inom uranindustrin, ökade med 14 procent under de senaste tre handelssessionerna.

Genomgången av en kärnenergiproposition orsakade en uppgång i aktiekurserna för företag inom uranindustrin. Cameco Corporation, det största företaget inom uranindustrin, ökade med 14 procent under de senaste tre handelssessionerna.

Som svar på antagandet av kärnkraftslagstiftningen har aktiekurserna för uranprospekterings-, utvinnings- och bearbetningsföretag stigit kraftigt.

Global X Uranium ETF (URA), en amerikansk ETF, har även skjutit i höjden med 10 procent under de senaste tre handelssessionerna, eftersom den amerikanska regeringen har för avsikt att öka investeringarna i branschen under de kommande åren.

Vad hände: Den 1 juni antog Senatens kommitté för miljö och offentliga arbeten (EPW) den bipartisan ADVANCE Act, en kärnenergiproposition avsedd att positionera USA som en global ledare inom kärnteknik och energi.

Lagstiftningen, som infördes av Senator Shelley Moore Capito (R-WV), ordförande Tom Carper (D-DE), Senator Sheldon Whitehouse (D-RI), syftar till att uppmuntra utveckling och användning av ny kärnteknik.

Varför det är viktigt: ADVANCE Act har potential att främja marknadstillväxt och prestanda inom kärnenergisektorn, eftersom den ger Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) de verktyg och resurser som krävs för att underlätta en säker och konkurrenskraftig utveckling av kärnteknik i Förenta staterna.

Det kommer att minska regleringskostnaderna, stimulera nästa generations reaktorer och effektivisera tillståndsförfarandet för kärnkraftsanläggningar på brunfältsanläggningar.

Capito konstaterade, ”Från både nationell säkerhet och energioberoende synvinkel har USA allt att vinna genom att bli världsledande inom kärnenergi, och idag tog vi ett viktigt steg mot att uppnå det målet.”

Handla NUKL ETF

VanEck Uranium and Nuclear Technologies UCITS ETF A (NUKL ETF) är en europeisk börshandlad fond. Denna fond handlas på flera olika börser, till exempel Deutsche Boerse Xetra och London Stock Exchange. Av den anledningen förekommer olika kortnamn på samma börshandlade fond.

Det betyder att det går att handla andelar i denna ETF genom de flesta svenska banker och Internetmäklare, till exempel DEGIRONordnet och Avanza.

Handla U3O8 ETF

HANetf Sprott Uranium Miners UCITS ETF Acc (U3O8 ETF) är en europeisk börshandlad fond. Denna fond handlas på flera olika börser, till exempel Borsa Italiana, Deutsche Boerse Xetra och London Stock Exchange. Av den anledningen förekommer olika kortnamn på samma börshandlade fond.

Det betyder att det går att handla andelar i denna ETF genom de flesta svenska banker och Internetmäklare, till exempel DEGIRONordnet och Avanza.

Handla URNU ETF

Global X Uranium UCITS ETF USD Accumulating (URNU ETF) är en europeisk börshandlad fond. Denna fond handlas på flera olika börser, till exempel Borsa Italiana och Deutsche Boerse Xetra. Av den anledningen förekommer olika kortnamn på samma börshandlade fond.

Det betyder att det går att handla andelar i denna ETF genom de flesta svenska banker och Internetmäklare, till exempel DEGIRONordnet och Avanza.

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