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Let Us In and We’ll Let You In
MSCI to China Let Us In and We’ll Let You In. Chinese regulators have realized that mainland equity markets need to be more accommodating, transparent, and, in the case of Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI), more open. Inclusion of China A-shares in MSCI’s Emerging Markets Index, a benchmark with an estimated $1.5 trillion tracking it, may be pivotal in encouraging new investment in the country.
In 2014, MSCI first considered including China A-shares in its Emerging Market Index. At that time MSCI, in consultation with clients, opted not to include them, citing ”remaining investability constraints linked to the Qualified Foreign Institutional Investment (QFII) and Renminbi Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor (RQFII) quota systems”.1
MSCI Collaborated with China to Foster Inclusion
In 2015, despite having made ”substantial progress toward the opening of the Chinese equity market to institutional investors”,2 MSCI felt there was additional liberalization that needed to take place. Once again, it chose not to include China. MSCI did, however, form a collaborative working group with the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) in the hopes of resolving the remaining issues.
Since the beginning of 2016, China has taken steps to meet MSCI’s requirements for accessibility and transparency. In February, QFII quotas were increased from $1 billion to $5 billion and lock-up periods were shortened from one year to three months. This was followed more recently by rules restricting trading halts in stocks. Trading halts have been a major concern for MSCI and investors alike following the sharp selloff that began in the summer of 2015. Under the new rules, a stock can halt trading for up to three months for ”major asset restructuring”, and up to one month during ”private placement”.3
China Has Instituted Many Positive Changes
The changes made so far this year, along with the anticipated expansion of the Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect program to include the Shenzhen Stock Exchange, have some investors speculating that this could be the year that China finally gets a spot in the MSCI Emerging Markets Index. In a recent report, Goldman Sachs estimated that there was a 70% likelihood that MSCI would add China A-shares to its flagship benchmark.4 Any inclusion of A-shares would likely be phased in over time with an initial allocation expected to be around 5%.5
As China transitions from a manufacturing-based economy to a services-based economy, being included in the premier emerging markets benchmark will likely be welcomed news to investors.
MSCI Emerging Markets Index – Country Weights
as of May 31, 2016
Source: MSCI.
Authored by James Duffy, Product Manager, VanEck Vectors ETFs
ETFs is authored by VanEck thought leaders. VanEck is the sponsor of VanEck Vectors ETFs and is currently among the largest providers of exchange traded funds (ETFs) in the U.S. and worldwide. VanEck Vectors ETFs empower investors to help build better portfolios with access to compelling investment themes and strategies. Our ETFs span many global asset classes, and are built to be transparent, liquid, and pure-play reflections of target markets.
IMPORTANT DISCLOSURES
1 2014 MSCI Market Classification Review
2 2015 MSCI Market Classification Review
3 Shanghai Stock Exchange
4 Reuters Goldman Sachs raises odds of China share inclusion in MSCI indexes to 70 percent
5 Reuters MSCI Consultation on China A-Share Index Inclusion Roadmap
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• Global crypto asset adoption rates are significantly higher than previously estimated.
• The data generally suggest that both the US and Europe may be at the cusp of mass retail adoption – a situation often referred to as “Hyperbitcoinization” in the context of Bitcoin.
• Chances are that the growth of adoption will surprise to the upside due to the fact that we are most likely at the inflection point from ”Early Adopters” to ”Early Majority”.
Trump recently made a public statement implying that 50 million Americans already held ”crypto”. The most recent surveys among US consumers seem to support this number.
It is no surprise that cryptoassets have become a major topic during the US presidential election as the parties have become increasingly aware that cryptoasset users could play a significant role at the ballot.
Both Trump and Robert Kennedy Jr. are scheduled to deliver a pro-Bitcoin speech at the upcoming Bitcoin conference in Nashville over the weekend.
It seems as if cryptoasset users are not a small minority anymore that can be ignored.
Here are some recent US bitcoin and crypto adoption surveys for comparison (% of total population in brackets):
• Security.org: 93 mn (28%)
• Unchained: 86 mn (26%)
• Statista: 53.6 mn (16%)
• Morning Consult: 44.2 mn (13%)
• Finder: 38.4 mn (11%)
In general, cryptoasset adoption has been on the rise globally.
A recent global survey among institutional investors conducted by Fidelity even implies that 51% of surveyed institutional investors have already invested into cryptoassets such as Bitcoin.
Another recent consumer survey by Statista implies that approximately every 5th person (21%) worldwide has already invested into cryptoassets.
However, it’s important to highlight that among the top 10 regions with the highest adoption rates, 8 regions are developing countries.
So, cryptoasset adoption rates are even significantly higher among developing countries than in developed countries that often suffer from chronically high inflation rates and weak domestic currencies.
That being said, the data generally suggest that both the US and Europe may be at the cusp of mass retail adoption – a situation often referred to as “Hyperbitcoinization” in the context of Bitcoin.
The reason is that technological adoption in general tends to accelerate at the threshold from the so-called “early adopters” to the “early majority” which is around 16% adoption rate based on the model of technological adoption famously put forth by Rogers (1962).
Global adoption rates are already at 21% while adoption rates in the US and Europe are at around 16% and 14%, respectively. So, there is a strong case for an acceleration of adoption rates in these regions and globally over the coming years.
Recent political developments in the US also imply that Bitcoin and cryptoassets are gradually becoming mainstream.
Trump has recently endorsed domestic Bitcoin mining in the US and both Democrats and Republicans have started accepting crypto payments for campaign financing.
The big success of the spot Bitcoin ETFs this year and the fact that additional types of spot crypto ETFs are being launched marks a significant shift in sentiment among US regulators in this regard.
In short, chances are that the growth of adoption will surprise to the upside due to the fact that we are most-likely at the inflection point from ”Early Adopters” to ”Early Majority”.
Bottom Line
• Global crypto asset adoption rates are significantly higher than previously estimated.
• The data generally suggest that both the US and Europe may be at the cusp of mass retail adoption – a situation often referred to as “Hyperbitcoinization” in the context of Bitcoin.
• Chances are that the growth of adoption will surprise to the upside due to the fact that we are most likely at the inflection point from ”Early Adopters” to ”Early Majority”.
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