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Key considerations in choosing a commodity index

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8 år sedan

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31 augusti, 2017

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choosing a commodity index The composition of a commodity index, the liquidity of its underlying contracts and the complexity of its rolling schedule can have an impact

ETF Securities Portfolio Insights: Key considerations in choosing a commodity index

Highlights

The composition of a commodity index, the liquidity of its underlying contracts and the complexity of its rolling schedule can have an impact on its performance.
Getting exposure to futures contracts further out on the curve with enhanced commodity strategies, is an easier and more efficient way to improve return than increasing the complexity of the index rolling schedule.
Adding enhanced commodity indices to a portfolio of global equities and bonds, improves the Sharpe ratio by 3% on average compared to classic commodity indices.

There are a number of factors that need to be considered when choosing a commodity index to invest in. Historical back-tested performance only presents one part of the picture. The cost of investing in an instrument, such as an Exchange Traded Product (ETP), that tracks commodity returns can vary widely depending on a number of key factors.

The index composition and weighting

The composition and weighting of a commodity index define its level of diversification. The more diversified the index is, the better the investor is protected from the downside risk when the commodity index is added to a multi-asset portfolio.

The composition of major commodity benchmarks can vary significantly as illustrated above. For example, the Bloomberg Commodity Index (BCOM) has 31% in agriculture and 28% in energy while the S&P GSCI and the Deutsche Bank Liquid Commodities Index Optimum Yield (DBLCI-OY) have more than 50% concentrated in the energy sector.

A closer look at the individual commodity level shows that 40% of the S&P GSCI index is only in oil (23% in WTI crude and 16% in Brent crude) while other commodity indices allocate a maximum of 13% to a single commodity. The weightings change marginally over time. The closer the index can get to an equal weighting, the better its level of diversification.

Modifying the composition and weighting of an index while keeping the same rolling methodology tends to increase return, by 2.3% for UBS indices and 0.9% for Deutsche Bank indices since the end of December 2015, as illustrated above.

The index rolling strategy

In this section, we analysed the performance of four commodity indices in order to assess the impact that “enhanced” rolling strategies can have on returns. All four indices are exposed to the same constituents with the same weights as BCOM but apply different rolling strategies.

The next chart shows the additional return of three different enhanced strategies compared to BCOM. The first strategy increases the index average maturity from 2 or 3 months with BCOM to 5 or 6 months with the BCOM 3 Month Forward Index (BCOMF3). Index providers tend to use this strategy to help mitigate the impact of contango (negative roll yield) on the index’s total return. This strategy improved return by 2%.

Applied to the Deutsche Bank Commodity Booster index, the optimum yield strategy is exposed to contracts that expire up to 13 months from now based on the best implied roll yield. This strategy outperforms BCOM by 2.5%. The constant maturity strategy, used by the UBS Bloomberg BCOM Constant Maturity index, rolls a small portion of its exposure every day in order to maintain its average maturity, outperforming BCOM by 2.6%.

Increasing the complexity of the rolling methodology with the optimum yield and constant maturity strategies only adds 0.5% and 0.6% extra return respectively compared to the strategy that simply increases the index average maturity.

The impact on operational costs

The number of contracts an index tracks and the frequency and complexity of the rolling schedule can have an impact not only on performance as seen previously, but also on the operational costs of replicating the index.

We here distinguish between commodity indices with a classic roll methodology: BCOM, S&P GSCI, the Rogers International Commodity Index (RICI) and the Thomson/Reuters CRB index (CRB), and commodity indices that aim to improve the classic strategy, typically called enhanced commodity indices.

The above chart shows the number of transactions in each index, defined as the number of times each constituent has to roll in a year, multiplied by the number of days during each roll. The UBS BCOM CMCI Index has the largest number of transactions as it rolls a small portion of its exposure every day to maintain each constituent’s average maturity over time. The methodology of an investable commodity index needs to be replicable. The more complex the rolling schedule is, the higher the replication costs which may lead to higher tracking errors.

The liquidity of the underlying futures contracts that the index holds is also a key factor to consider, as an illiquid contract can cause disruption in the daily pricing of the commodity index and prevent investors from purchasing or redeeming their funds when they want. The further out on the curve the exposure is, the less liquid the futures contract. The above chart shows how much an investor can buy or redeem from an instrument that tracks the index without disrupting the daily pricing of the underlying futures market.

Commodity indices in a portfolio

In this section, we compare the performance of portfolios with 50% in global equities, 40% in global bonds and 10% in commodities to a standard portfolio of 60% global equities and 40% global bonds, the benchmark, since 1998.While enhanced commodity indices tend to perform better than classic commodity indices, adding them to a portfolio of equities and bonds improves the Sharpe ratio by just 3% on average: from 0.72 on average for portfolios with 10% in classic commodity benchmarks to 0.75 on average for portfolios with 10% in enhanced commodity indices.

For more information contact:

ETF Securities Research team
ETF Securities (UK) Limited
T +44 (0) 207 448 4336
E info@etfsecurities.com

Important Information

This communication has been issued and approved for the purpose of section 21 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 by ETF Securities (UK) Limited (“ETFS UK”) which is authorised and regulated by the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority (the “FCA”).

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Stablecoins: The real powerhouse of crypto

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7 timmar sedan

den

19 april, 2025

Redaktionen

Stablecoins are digital currencies tied to assets like the U.S. dollar, offering the price stability needed for payments. They maintain their peg by being backed 1:1 by their underlying fiat currency, with issuers holding equivalent amounts in cash and cash equivalents, making stablecoins a digital representation of those reserves. Their market has doubled to over $235 billion, with daily usage nearly doubling in two years.

Why are stablecoins making headlines now?

Due to their clear product-market fit and growing mainstream adoption, stablecoins have become a top priority for regulation, with both industry leaders and policymakers calling for swift action.

On April 4, the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Division of Corporation Finance finally clarified that stablecoins are not securities if backed one-for-one by USD or similar assets and used for payments or value storage. These “Covered Stablecoins” are not marketed as investments, lack profit incentives, and include protections like reserves, making securities law registration unnecessary for issuance or redemption.

The GENIUS Act, introduced in February and advanced by the U.S. Senate Banking Committee in March, marks a major step toward creating a clear legal framework for stablecoin issuance and oversight. This clarity is driving momentum as Fidelity is set to launch its own stablecoin, and Bank of America is preparing to follow it once legislation is finalized.

Globally, the European Union’s Markets in Crypto Assets (MiCA) framework has already come into effect, reinforcing a broader shift toward formal integration of stablecoins into traditional finance. These developments reflect a growing consensus that stablecoins are emerging as essential infrastructure for global payments, treasury management, and digital asset adoption.

What are the benefits of stablecoins?

Stablecoins are digital currencies designed for fast, low-cost, and stable transactions. Since their launch in 2014, they’ve become a go-to tool for online payments, especially cross-border transfers. As they’re pegged to stable assets like the U.S. dollar or euro, they avoid the wild price swings seen in other cryptocurrencies.

They’re accessible to anyone with internet, making them especially valuable in regions with high inflation or limited banking access, like Argentina or Turkey.

With some built on public blockchains, stablecoins offer transparency, letting users track transfers and supply in real time. For institutions, they also simplify treasury management by acting as efficient digital cash that can be deployed instantly.

Who are the major players in the stablecoin race?

Tether (USDT) and Circle (USDC), the two largest stablecoin issuers, collectively hold over $204 billion in U.S. Treasuries, making them the 14th largest holders globally. Their combined treasury holdings surpass those of entire nations, including Norway and Brazil.

USDT leads with $144 billion in circulation; USDC, backed by Coinbase and known for compliance, has become a trusted digital dollar across global finance.

Why stablecoins matter: A revenue engine for blockchains

Stablecoins generate steady revenue for blockchains like Ethereum and Solana by driving transaction fees with each transfer. With trillions in annual volume, they help sustain network activity beyond speculation.

On Ethereum, for example, USDT and USDC transactions are major contributors to daily gas fees. Year to date, Tether ranks #3 and USDC ranks #5 in terms of total gas consumed. Tether and Circle also dominate daily transaction activity on Ethereum, averaging approximately 12 million and 6 million transactions per day, respectively, making them the top two entities on the network by daily transaction count.

Meanwhile, on Solana, stablecoin activity has surged, helping sustain validator rewards and strengthen protocol economics. In addition to the mainstream utility, stablecoins represent reliable, protocol-level cash flow, making them crypto’s killer use case.

Research Newsletter

Each week the 21Shares Research team will publish our data-driven insights into the crypto asset world through this newsletter. Please direct any comments, questions, and words of feedback to research@21shares.com

Disclaimer

The information provided does not constitute a prospectus or other offering material and does not contain or constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of any offer to buy securities in any jurisdiction. Some of the information published herein may contain forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties and that actual results may differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors. The information contained herein may not be considered as economic, legal, tax or other advice and users are cautioned to base investment decisions or other decisions solely on the content hereof.

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BE29 ETF är en portfölj företagsobligationer med förfall 2029

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8 timmar sedan

den

19 april, 2025

Redaktionen

Invesco BulletShares 2029 EUR Corporate Bond UCITS ETF EUR Dis (BE29 ETF) med ISIN IE000ZC4C5Q1, försöker följa Bloomberg 2029 Maturity EUR Corporate Bond Screened-index. Bloomberg 2029 Maturity EUR Corporate Bond Screened Index spårar företagsobligationer denominerade i EUR. Indexet speglar inte ett konstant löptidsintervall (som är fallet med de flesta andra obligationsindex). Istället ingår endast obligationer som förfaller under det angivna året (här: 2029) i indexet. Indexet består av ESG (environmental, social and governance) screenade företagsobligationer. Betyg: Investment Grade. Löptid: december 2029 (Denna ETF kommer att stängas efteråt).

Den börshandlade fondens TER (total cost ratio) uppgår till 0,10 % p.a. Invesco BulletShares 2029 EUR Corporate Bond UCITS ETF EUR Dis är den billigaste ETF som följer Bloomberg 2029 Maturity EUR Corporate Bond Screened index. ETFen replikerar resultatet för det underliggande indexet genom samplingsteknik (köper ett urval av de mest relevanta indexbeståndsdelarna). Ränteintäkterna (kuponger) i ETFen delas ut till investerarna (kvartalsvis).

Invesco BulletShares 2029 EUR Corporate Bond UCITS ETF EUR Dis är en mycket liten ETF med 1 miljon euro tillgångar under förvaltning. Denna ETF lanserades den 18 juni 2024 och har sin hemvist i Irland.

Produktbeskrivning

Invesco BulletShares 2029 EUR Corporate Bond UCITS ETF Dist syftar till att tillhandahålla den totala avkastningen för Bloomberg 2029 Maturity EUR Corporate Bond Screened Index (”Referensindexet”), minus avgifternas inverkan. Fonden har en fast löptid och kommer att upphöra på Förfallodagen. Fonden delar ut intäkter på kvartalsbasis.

Referensindexet är utformat för att återspegla resultatet för EUR-denominerade, investeringsklassade, fast ränta, skattepliktiga skuldebrev emitterade av företagsemittenter. För att vara kvalificerade för inkludering måste företagsvärdepapper ha minst 300 miljoner euro i nominellt utestående belopp och en effektiv löptid på eller mellan 1 januari 2029 och 31 december 2029.

Värdepapper är uteslutna om emittenter: 1) är inblandade i kontroversiella vapen, handeldvapen, militära kontrakt, oljesand, termiskt kol eller tobak; 2) inte har en kontroversnivå enligt definitionen av Sustainalytics eller har en Sustainalytics-kontroversnivå högre än 4; 3) anses inte följa principerna i FN:s Global Compact; eller 4) kommer från tillväxtmarknader.

Portföljförvaltarna strävar efter att uppnå fondens mål genom att tillämpa en urvalsstrategi, som inkluderar användning av kvantitativ analys, för att välja en andel av värdepapperen från referensindexet som representerar hela indexets egenskaper, med hjälp av faktorer som index- vägd genomsnittlig varaktighet, industrisektorer, landvikter och kreditkvalitet. När en företagsobligation som innehas av fonden når förfallodag kommer kontanterna som fonden tar emot att användas för att investera i kortfristiga EUR-denominerade skulder.

ETFen förvaltas passivt.

En investering i denna fond är ett förvärv av andelar i en passivt förvaltad indexföljande fond snarare än i de underliggande tillgångarna som ägs av fonden.

”Förfallodag”: den andra onsdagen i december 2029 eller annat datum som bestäms av styrelseledamöterna och meddelas aktieägarna.

Handla BE29 ETF

Invesco BulletShares 2029 EUR Corporate Bond UCITS ETF EUR Dis (BE29 ETF) är en europeisk börshandlad fond. Denna fond handlas på flera olika börser, till exempel Deutsche Boerse Xetra och Borsa Italiana.

Det betyder att det går att handla andelar i denna ETF genom de flesta svenska banker och Internetmäklare, till exempel Nordnet, SAVR, DEGIRO och Avanza.

Börsnoteringar

Börs	Valuta	Kortnamn
Borsa Italiana	EUR	BE29
XETRA	EUR	BE29

Största innehav

Namn	CUSIP	ISIN	Kupongränta %	Vikt
AT&T Inc 2.35% 05/09/29	00206RHH8	XS1907120791	2.350	2.22%
Holcim Finance Luxembourg SA 1.75% 29/08/29	L4806FAH4	XS1672151492	1.750	2.14%
Unibail-Rodamco-Westfield SE 1.5% 29/05/29	F95094ST0	XS1619568303	1.500	2.08%
Baxter International Inc 1.3% 15/05/29	—	XS1998215559	1.300	2.08%
Euronext NV 1.125% 12/06/29	N3113KAT5	XS2009943379	1.125	2.06%
Blackstone Property Partners Europ 1.75% 12/03/29	L1051PAD9	XS2051670300	1.750	2.04%
Walmart Inc 4.875% 21/09/29	U9311FAG3	XS0453133950	4.875	1.72%
Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria SA 4.375% 14/10/29	E118054J9	XS2545206166	4.375	1.65%
Toyota Motor Credit Corp 4.05% 13/09/29	U89233WV5	XS2597093009	4.050	1.63%
Nykredit Realkredit AS 4.625% 19/01/29	K74493TG0	DK0030512421	4.625	1.62%

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Guld-ETFer slår Bitcoin-ETFer kraftigt under första kvartalet 2025

Publicerad

9 timmar sedan

den

19 april, 2025

Redaktionen

Under hypervolatila marknader omvärderar investerare vanligtvis vad de äger. De ser också över vilka investeringar som är bäst lämpade för att navigera i svåra tider. Guld är alltid ett självklart val, och under den nuvarande turbulensen har det inte gjort dem besvikna. Faktum är att gammaldags guld-ETF, börshandlade fonder som investerar i guld slår till och med bitcoinfonder med en enorm marginal.

Marknadsreferenser som SPDR S&P 500 ETF såg stora dippar från 1 januari till 15 april 2025 SPDR-fonden föll med 7,99 procent under den tiden medan iShares Bitcoin Trust ETF sjönk med 10 procent. Samtidigt steg SPDR Gold Shares-fonden, världens största ETF med fysiskt guld som backas upp, med nästan 23 procent. Fonden har tillgångar på över 98 miljarder dollar.

Medan S&P 500 belönade investerare rikligt under 2023 och 2024, ”sedan befrielsedagen, den 2 april i år, har spelplanerna för 2025 ändrats lite”, säger John Kinnane, chef för nyckelkunder på Sprott Asset Management.

Mitt i de krympande marknaderna har det skett en översvämning av ETFer som fysiskt stöds av guld och silver. I april ökade ETFer för ädelmetaller med 6,6 miljarder dollar i nya tillgångar och vann de största nettoinflödena för månaden i råvarukategorin.

Även ETFer för gruvaktier har klarat sig bra. VanEck Gold Miners ETF, till exempel, avkastade över 49 procent för året fram till den 15 april.

Det finns också specialiserade strategier. USCF Gold Strategy Plus Income Fund erbjuder en unik inkomsttwist på guld genom att sälja täckta köpoptioner för att generera intäkter. Den har en 30-dagars SEC-avkastning på 3,36 procent och har hittills i år ökat med 20,72 procent.

”En av guldets bestående egenskaper är att det faktiskt är en okorrelerad tillgång. Investerare av alla slag letar efter låg korrelation så att de i tider av volatilitet – som vi befinner oss i just nu – får en jämnare avkastning för sin totala portfölj”, säger Kinnane.

I februari lanserade Sprott Sprott Active Gold & Silver Miners ETF. Den inkluderar aktier i guld- och silvergruvor i en ETF-ticker med en aktivt förvaltad strategi.

Medan guldlänkade fonder har blomstrat har varken bitcoin eller resten av kryptovalutamarknaden gett investerarna något särskilt skydd.

Bitwise 10 Crypto Index Fund, ett mått på 10 olika kryptovalutor, inklusive bitcoin, sjönk med 21,28 procent från 1 januari till 15 april. Mindre kryptovalutor, särskilt meme-mynt och tokens, har presterat usla.

Guldets överprestationer har hjälpts av den kraftigt ökande efterfrågan från investerare, men också av köp från centralbanker. 2024 var tredje året i rad som de lade till mer än 1 005 ton till sina globala guldreserver.

”Respondenterna var tydliga med att centralbanksgemenskapen skulle fortsätta att öka sina allokeringar till guld inom kort”, stod det i en rapport om reserver från World Gold Council från 2024.

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